Gynecomastia and Drugs (Iatrogenic Gynecomastia)
It is estimated that 20% of all gynecomastia is caused by medications (Bowman JD, Kim H, Bustamante JJ. Drug-induced gynecomastia. Pharmacotherapy. 2012 Dec;32(12):1123–40). Iatrogenic gynecomastia is defined as the development of benign breast tissue in males caused by medications that disrupt the normal hormonal milieu (Iatrogenesis is a condition caused by medical therapy). The following is a list of medications that are known to contribute to gynecomastia. It is important to note that not all patients on these medications will develop gynecomastia.
Common Medications Known to Cause Gynecomastia
- Haloperidol
- Risperidone
- Chlorpromazine
- Metoclopramide
- Methyldopa
- Fluoxetine
- Sertraline
- Amitriptyline
- Diazepam
- Digoxin
- Phenytoin
- HCG (Novarel, Pregnyl)
- Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- Finasteride (Proscar)
- Cimetidine
- Ketoconazole
- Fluphenazine
- Flutamide